English Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2026-05-11 Origin: Site
The common faults of vertical drilling machines mainly include the failure of the safety clutch, the inclination of the drilling axis, the out-of-tolerance roundness of the processed hole, the uneven weight of the spindle movement, oil leakage and oil pipe cut-off, etc.
Ⅰ. The safety clutch has failed
The cause of is :
Overloading drilling , exceeding the equipment's load-bearing capacity;
The spring lacks sufficient force and cannot return to its normal position.
The clutch steel balls are damaged or severely worn.
method of elimination :
Operate in accordance with the instructions and avoid overloading. Adjust the spring pressure to more than 10% of the normal load (about 10,000 N) through the limit screw. If the steel balls are damaged, replace the steel balls or the entire clutch assembly.
Ⅱ. Inclination of the drilling axis
The cause of is :
The main shaft movement axis is not parallel to the column guide rail ;
The rotation center of the main shaft is not perpendicular to the worktable surface.
method of elimination :
Use a dial indicator to check the parallelism and perpendicularity. If they exceed the tolerance, the guide rail surface of the feed box or the worktable surface needs to be scraped and repaired until the technical requirements are met (the allowable tolerance is usually within 0.05mm).
Ⅲ. The roundness of the machined hole exceeds the tolerance
The cause of is :
The clearance of the main shaft bearing is too large , resulting in unstable rotation;
The main shaft bends, causing radial runout.
The fit clearance between the main shaft sleeve and the box hole exceeds 0.03mm.
method of elimination :
Adjust the lock nut on the upper part of the bearing to reduce the clearance. Correct or replace the bending spindle; Trim the main shaft sleeve and replace the box hole sleeve to ensure the fit accuracy.
Ⅳ. The up and down movement of the main shaft is uneven in weight
The cause of is :
The spline sleeve is offset from the center of the main shaft.
The spline part of the main shaft is bent.
The outer diameter of the main shaft sleeve is deformed or there are burrs on the rack.
method of elimination :
Install a dial indicator to check the coaxiality, adjust the position of the gearbox and rescrew the locating pin holes. Correct the bent part of the spline; Adjust the meshing condition of the rack and pinion to ensure smooth transmission.
Ⅴ. Oil leakage
The cause of is :
The mating surfaces of the box cover, bearing cover, etc. are uneven.
Poor assembly of the oil pipe joint;
When the main shaft rotates, oil is flung off, and the lubricating oil supply is excessive.
method of elimination :
Scrape the joint surface until it is smooth and apply sealant. Reconfigure the bevel of the pipe joint or switch to a tightened joint. Adjust the oil guide line to control the oil volume and prevent overflow.
Ⅵ. Oil cut-off in the oil pipe
The cause of is :
The oil pipe is broken or the joint is loose;
Excessive clearance of the plunger pump or failure of the spring;
The steel ball of the check valve does not fit well with the mating surface.
method of elimination :
Replace the new oil pipe; Grind the holes of the pump body and match the plungers according to the holes. Replace the plunger spring or repair the check valve assembly.
