The equipment used in lathe processing, processing characteristics and processing sequence

The processing equipment used in lathe processing and its characteristics

The processing equipment used in lathe processing varies in types depending on the size of the material and the processing method. The following introduces the types and characteristics of representative processing equipment.

General-purpose lathe

This is a lathe where the operator manually moves and changes the cutting tools. It is very useful when making complex-shaped parts that are difficult to program, single parts, and prototypes that require fine-tuning.

• CNC lathe

By using a CNC lathe and programming the processing conditions and loading them in advance, automatic processing can be achieved. Because it runs according to the program, even beginners can process it with a certain degree of precision. It is suitable for quantity products that need to repeat the same work.

• Bench lathe

Just as the term "desktop" suggests, it is a small lathe that can be placed on a table. The usage is the same as that of a general-purpose lathe and is needed when making small parts.

End face lathe

The end face lathe is a horizontal lathe used for processing large materials. Its feature is that it can prevent the decline in precision caused by chips, as chips do not accumulate and can fall off. As there is no need to remove chips, it can work continuously and efficiently.

Vertical lathe

A vertical lathe is a type of lathe that moves tools vertically and is used for processing large materials. It can reduce the offset caused by the center of gravity and centrifugal force, achieving high processing accuracy.

The advantages and disadvantages of lathe processing

Advantages

Round products can be made through lathe processing. In addition, since the material is cut during rotation, achieving high dimensional accuracy is a major advantage.

The rotational speed and rotation method can be changed arbitrarily. In addition, since the types of cutting tools also match their uses, complex-shaped products can be manufactured through combined processing methods.

• Disadvantages

In lathe processing, complex shapes can be achieved by combining various cutting tools and processing methods. However, if the cutting tools are frequently changed, it will take more time to manufacture a certain product.

Furthermore, in order to be proficient in various processing methods, operators need to be skilled in their operations. Not everyone can produce high-precision products. The complexity of the product and the skills of the operator need to be taken into account when choosing the processing method.

The sequence of lathe processing

1. Installation of tools and materials

First, install the cutting tools and materials used for lathe processing. It should be firmly fixed to prevent movement during processing. If the position is offset during installation, the accuracy will deteriorate. Therefore, it is crucial to implement positioning with high precision.

2. Rough machining

Next, carry out rough machining to roughly shape the product you want to make. This process does not require high precision, but it is necessary to be careful not to over-cut. In addition, please also pay attention to the rotational state of the material and the generation of chips.

3. Fine processing

After rough machining to roughly shape the product, fine machining is carried out. Because high precision is required, attention should be repeatedly paid to the rotational speed and feed rate during processing. If burrs appear, they need to be carefully removed with a file, being careful not to damage the machined surface.

Precautions for machining parts on a lathe

When using a lathe to process and manufacture parts, it is necessary to achieve the required precision at the lowest possible cost.

As a consideration during the design process, reducing the cutting volume of materials and shortening the processing time are of vital importance. In addition, by using common cutting tools for processing instead of special ones, the delivery time can be shortened and costs reduced.

When performing lathe processing, it is crucial to avoid complex processing sequences and tool selection as much as possible. This cannot be mastered overnight. It is best to fully share the experience of skilled artisans.