Operation tutorial for CNC machining centers

I. Core Safety Operation Specifications (Must be Strictly Adhered to)

Before operation, it is necessary to memorize the safety guidelines thoroughly to avoid equipment damage or personal accidents

Personal protection requirements ‌ : Wear well-fitting work clothes when working. It is strictly forbidden to operate machine tools with gloves on. Long hair should be coiled into the work cap.

Equipment environmental requirements ‌ : No obstacles should be piled up around the machine tool to keep the operating space unobstructed. It is prohibited to clean machine tools, electrical cabinets and NC units with compressed air.

Operation contraindications ‌ : Do not start the machine without the consent of the instructor. It is prohibited to modify the parameters of the CNC system at will, and it is not allowed to delete system files. When multiple people operate collaboratively, they must confirm each other's actions. It is strictly prohibited to operate in violation of regulations alone.

Ii. Step-by-step operation process

1. Preparatory work before processing

① ‌ check ‌ before starting up

Check the lubrication system: Confirm that the lubricating oil level is normal. If the machine tool has not been operated for a long time, manually supply oil to all parts for lubrication first.

Check the condition of the cutting tools: Replace severely damaged cutting tools, confirm that the tool specifications are within the allowable range of the machine tool, clean and adjust the tools after installation, and do not leave the tools inside the machine tool.

Check the protective status: Before starting the machine tool, the protective door must be closed to ensure that the workpiece is firmly clamped and the tool is locked in place.

② ‌ machine tool initialization operation ‌

Turn on the main power supply of the equipment, start the numerical control system, and then perform the ‌ machine tool return to zero ‌ (return to the mechanical origin) to establish the correct coordinate system reference for the machine tool. This is a necessary step to ensure processing accuracy.

After confirming that there is no alarm information in the system, run the machine tool at low speed without load to test whether the movement of each axis is normal.

③ Processing Preparation

According to the process requirements, clamp the workpiece, determine the origin of the workpiece, and establish the user coordinate system (generally G54); Load the required tools into the tool magazine in sequence, complete the tool setting and enter the tool parameters.

Import the processing program into the numerical control system. After import, check the program code to confirm that there are no abnormalities.

2. Trial cutting and formal processing

① ‌ program idle run debugging ‌ : After setting the parameters, lift the spindle off the workpiece and perform the program idle run to check if the tool movement trajectory is consistent with the programming expectation and confirm that there are no errors in the tool setting and travel range.

② ‌ trial cutting verification ‌ : After the idle run is correct, conduct a single trial cutting, reduce the feed rate, observe the cutting status throughout the first piece processing, and adjust the parameters to meet the requirements.

③ Formal processing: After confirming that the trial cutting is qualified, activate the automatic processing mode and start batch processing.

⚠️ processing precautions:

It is strictly prohibited to touch the rotating spindle and cutting tools. The machine must be stopped before measuring the workpiece or cleaning the chips.

When the machine tool is in operation, the operator must not leave the post. If any abnormal phenomenon is found, the emergency stop button should be pressed immediately. After troubleshooting, the machine should be reset to zero and restarted.

When manually changing tools, be careful to avoid the tools hitting the workpiece or fixture. After loading the tools in the tool magazine, make sure that the tools do not interfere with each other.

3. Finishing up after processing is completed

After processing is completed, clean up the chips on the machine tool, wipe the machine tool guide rails and worktable, and keep the equipment and the environment clean.

② Check the levels of lubricating oil and coolant. Replenish them in time if they are insufficient, and replace them promptly if they deteriorate.

③ Operation conclusion: First, turn off the power on the machine tool operation panel, then turn off the main power. Organize the tools, fixtures and workpieces to be processed, and complete the organization of the workstation.